The article presents the results of research activities of the A. N. Syzganov National Scientific Center of Sur-gery over the past 3 years. In a comparative aspect, the clinic’s participation in scientific projects within the frame-work of targeted funding, the dissemination of scientific publications, the main target indicators and their achieve-ment, participation in multicenter clinical research, the activities of the local bioethics commission, the transfer of innovative technologies and the publication of the journal “Bulletin of Surgery in Kazakhstan” are described.
The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of laboratory research, its problem areas and poten-tial improvement opportunities using the example of the clinical diagnostic laboratory of the A. N. Syzganov’s NSCS. As a result of study, the most frequent errors were in the pre-analytical and analytical process, these studies coincided with the literature data. The implementation of the laboratory information system in the CDL gave a reliable and stable functioning of laboratory research.
Keywords
clinical diagnostic laboratory, pre-analytical and analytical process
We are reporting a case of diagnosis of a mixed sexually transmitted infection. In the above case, the question of diagnosing urogenital infections caused by mixed flora is raised. Conclusions were made about the need for an integrated approach to the diagnosis and, in general, the management of patients with chronic inflammatory diseases of the urogenital tract. Compliance with the principles of interdisciplinary integration in the implementation of diagnostic and treatment technologies will allow adequate rehabilitation of urological, gynecological and reproductive health of patients.
Keywords
trichomonas infection, chlamydial infection, indirect immunofluores-cence reaction, direct immuno-fluorescence reaction
The paper analyzes the results of direct immunofluorescence studies of biological material for the pres-ence of Chlamydia trachomatis, carried out in a private diagnostic laboratory in Almaty during the second half of 2019. We have shown that the direct immunofluorescence method can be used for the diagnosis of urogenital chlamydia. This method allows diagnosing chlamydial antigens, which excludes cross-reactions. However, the implementation of this diagnostic method requires high professionalism from the performer.
Objective: Study of lipid peroxidation disorder, lymph coagulation and lymphatic tissue drainage, their correction in experimental diabetes mellitus.
Methods: Studies were carried out on 33 rabbits, on a model of diabetes mellitus. In 16 rabbits of the control group, after modeling of alloxane diabetes mellitus, a sucking therapy was performed, and in 17 rabbits of the experimental group, the sucking therapy included intravenous administration of urokinase-medac in a dose of 100,000 U for 7 days. Values of LPO and clotting of lymph as well as lymphatic tissue drainage were investigated by conventional methods.
Results: Simula-tion of diabetes mellitus in rabbits contributed to increase of clotting potential of lymph with background of activation of lipid peroxidation and reduction of activity of lymph fibrinolysis, with suppression of drainage function of lymphatic system. After administration of medakurokinase, the coagulation potential of the lymph and the intensity of lipoperoxidationwere significantly reduced. At the same time, the content of dienecon-jugates (DC) and malonicdialdehyde (MDA) was significantly reduced, and during 30 days of the study, markers of activation of intravascular clotting of lymph were not determined. All this was accompanied by a very pronounced increase in the flow rate of lymph from the drained thoracic duct, exceeding the initial and control levels by 57.1% and 94.1%, respectively (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: the inclusion of medakurokinase in the complex of sugarlowering therapy contributed not only to a marked reduction of clotting potential of lymph and activation of lipoperoxidation, but also very much increased lymphatic tissue drainage. tissue drainage
The paper presents the results of treatment of 676 patients with pulmonary echinococcosis. The meth-ods of stage-by-stage and one-stage bilateral echinococcectomy from the lungs, from the lungs and organs of the abdominal cavity and chemotherapy with Albendozol were used. Ways to reduce the trauma of opera-tions are proposed.
Keywords
Echinococcosis of the lungs, videothoracoscopic echinococ-cectomy, transmediastinal access
Background. Untreated hydatid disease could pose a threat to human life. Despite the success in the diagnosis and treatment of liver echinococcosis, an issue of diagnosis and optimal treatment remains open.
Methods. From January 2017 to July 2019, 111 patients with primary liver echinococcosis were treated at the Syzganov National Scientific Center as part of a scientific and technical project on the topic “Develop-ment of scientifically based optimal surgical and medicinal methods for the treatment of liver echinococco-sis”..
Results. Treatment of patients with liver cystic echinococcosis involves an individual approach (table 2) with consideration in each case of a possible combination of different treatment options.
The review provides data on modern criteria for evaluating peripheral artery aneurysm of various etiology and localization. One of the most common causes of aneurysms the peripheral artery is an injury. Particular attention should be paid to a significant increase in the number of iatrogenic injuries. In recent years, the most complex reconstructive interventions for peripheral artery aneurysms of various etiologies have been introduced. The difficulties that the surgeon faces when performing these operations are due to the variety of anatomical variants of aneurysms. The severity of hemodynamic disorders that occur in this pathology, as well as the complexity of topographic and anatomical relationships. All of the above determines the need for further study of the etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical picture of this disease in order to improve the diagnosis and results of surgical treatment of these diseases.
Keywords
Morph functional structure of the vascular wall and its role in the pathogenesis of aneurysms
Currently, the prolapse of the vaginal walls is considered as a result of ruptures of the pubic-cervical and rectovaginal fascias, as well as their separation from the walls of the pelvis. Given the high recurrence rate of the disease, most surgeons prefer the combined methods of surgical treatment of prolapse. These interventions include strengthening the pelvic floor, plasticizing the walls of the vagina and fixing the uterus, cervical stump or vaginal vault in different ways. However, the existing combined methods also do not al-ways contribute to the complete recovery of patients, since they do not always eliminate and do not prevent functional disorders of neighboring organs. The review presents data on surgical treatment of the pelvic floor for prolapse of the rectum, uterus and vagina. The general assessment of the above literature data suggests the existence of a number of difficulties and unsolved problems in the surgical rehabilitation of women with diseases of the perineum of non-tumor etiology.
