4. Results of the analysis of the efficacy and safety of long-term anticoagulant therapy in Kazakh nationality patients after open heart valve surgery

Аңдатпа

Background. Surgical replacement of heart valves with mechanical prostheses is a life-saving procedure for patients with valvular defects. Postoperative success depends heavily RQ the HIʖcacy and safety RI anticoagulant therapy :arfarin remains the primary drug WR prevent thrombotic complications LQ such patients 'espite its HIʖFDcy, warfarin requires individualized dosing, long-term monitoring, and careful bleeding risk assessment. It is a leading cause of serious adverse drug reactions, accounting for up to one-third of related hospitalizations and deaths. A pharmacogenetic approach is increasingly important in optimizing warfarin therapy. Gene polymorphisms affect warfarin metabolism and sensitivity, making the study of these factors particularly relevant in underrepresented populations, such as patients of Kazakh nationality. However, there is limited data on warfarin response in this group. Materials and

Methods. This LV the ʖrst study RI its kind among Kazakh patients It includes 310 individuals who underwent mechanical heart valve replacement and received warfarin therapy between 2015 and 2020. The aim was to evaluate the association between genotype, warfarin dose, and complication rates.

Results. Patients showed variable coagulation responses with INR ʗuctuations and both hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications documented. Risk factors for adverse outcomes were identiʖHG underscoring the importance RI individualized dosing and close monitoring. Conclusions. This study highlights the need for genotype-based dose adjustment to improve the safety and effectiveness of warfarin therapy in Kazakh patients after mechanical valve replacement. '2, %6. ,, Nurbay Z.